• n. 官僚主义；官僚机构；官僚政治

bureau, 办公室。cracy, 统治。

bureaucracy (n.)

1818, from French bureaucratie, coined by French economist Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay (1712-1759) on model of democratie, aristocratie, from bureau "office," literally "desk" (see bureau) + Greek suffix -kratia denoting "power of" (see -cracy).

That vast net-work of administrative tyranny ... that system of bureaucracy, which leaves no free agent in all France, except for the man at Paris who pulls the wires. [J.S. Mill, "Westminster Review" XXVIII, 1837]

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bureaucrat, &c. The formation is so barbarous that all attempt at self-respect in pronunciation may perhaps as well be abandoned. [Fowler]

1. People usually complain about having to deal with too much bureaucracy.

人们经常抱怨不得不应付太多的繁文缛节。

来自柯林斯例句

2. His firm must contend with the unwieldy Russian bureaucracy.

他的公司必须与俄罗斯庞大的官僚机构周旋。

来自柯林斯例句

3. They're making efforts to streamline their normally cumbersome bureaucracy.

他们正努力精简本来繁冗复杂的官僚体制。

来自柯林斯例句

4. They are faced with a mountain of bureaucracy.

他们面对一大堆繁文缛节。

来自柯林斯例句

5. Bureaucracy can entangle ventures for months.

官僚体制会使风险投资搁置好几个月。

来自柯林斯例句