clever是什么意思

clever

英 ['klevə] 美 ['klɛvɚ]

clever 聪明的

来自PIE*gleibh,砍，劈，词源同cleft,glyph.进一步来自PIE*skel,砍，劈，词源同skill,scale. 引申词义有鉴别能力的，聪明的。比较science,来自PIE*skei,砍，劈。

clever: clever: [13] Clever is rather a mystery word. There is one isolated instance of what appears to be the word in an early 13th-century bestiary, where it means ‘dextrous’, and the connotations of ‘clutching something’ have led to speculation that it may be connected with claw. It does not appear on the scene again until the late 16th century, when its associations with ‘agility’ and ‘sprightliness’ may point to a link with Middle Dutch klever, of similar meaning. The modern sense ‘intelligent’ did not develop until the 18th century.
clever (adj.): 1580s, "handy, dexterous," apparently from East Anglian dialectal cliver "expert at seizing," perhaps from East Frisian klüfer "skillful," or Norwegian dialectic klover "ready, skillful," and perhaps influenced by Old English clifer "claw, hand" (early usages seem to refer to dexterity). Or perhaps akin to Old Norse kleyfr "easy to split" and from a root related to cleave "to split." Extension to intellect is first recorded 1704.
This is a low word, scarcely ever used but in burlesque or conversation; and applied to any thing a man likes, without a settled meaning. [Johnson, 1755]
The meaning has narrowed since, but clever also often in old use and dialect meant "well-shaped, attractive-looking" and in 19c. American English sometimes "good-natured, agreeable." Related: Cleverly; cleverness.

1. Northbridge is a cool, calculating and clever criminal who could strike again.: 诺思布里奇是个头脑冷静、诡计多端、阴险狡诈的罪犯，他可能还会犯案。

2. Rowe does a very clever riff on the nature of prejudice.: 罗就偏见的本质讲了一番很精辟的话。

3. Even clever people are not terribly clever when put on the spot.: 即便是聪明人在面对难题时也未必就能表现得特别聪明。