• adj. 冷酷的；糟糕的；残忍的
• n. (Grim)人名；(英、德、俄、捷、匈)格里姆

来自PIE*ghrem, 生气的，拟声词，模仿咆哮的声音。

grim

grim: [OE] Indo-European *ghrem-, *ghromprobably originated in imitation of the sound of rumbling (amongst its descendants was grumins ‘thunder’ in the extinct Baltic language Old Prussian). In Germanic it became *grem-, *gram-, *grum-, which not only produced the adjective *grimmaz (source of German grimm, Swedish grym, and English, Dutch, and Danish grim) and the English verb grumble [16], but was adopted into Spanish as grima ‘fright’, which eventually arrived in English as grimace [17].
=> grimace, grumble

grim (adj.)

Old English grimm "fierce, cruel, savage; severe, dire, painful," from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Old High German, German grimm "grim, angry, fierce," Old Norse grimmr "stern, horrible, dire," Swedish grym "fierce, furious"), from PIE *ghrem- "angry," perhaps imitative of the sound of rumbling thunder (compare Greek khremizein "to neigh," Old Church Slavonic vuzgrimeti "to thunder," Russian gremet' "thunder").

A weaker word now than it once was; sense of "dreary, gloomy" first recorded late 12c. It also had a verb form in Old English, grimman (class III strong verb; past tense gramm, past participle grummen), and a noun, grima "goblin, specter," perhaps also a proper name or attribute-name of a god, hence its appearance as an element in place names.

Grim reaper as a figurative phrase for "death" is attested by 1847 (the association of grim and death goes back at least to 17c.). A Middle English expression for "have recourse to harsh measures" was to wend the grim tooth (early 13c.).

grim (n.)

"spectre, bogey, haunting spirit," 1620s, from grim (adj.).

1. Psychometric tests can save organizations from grim and costly mistakes.

心理测试能够使组织机构避免犯下损失惨重的大错。

来自柯林斯例句

2. She was a grim woman with a turned-down mouth.

她是个沉默寡言、令人畏惧的女人。

来自柯林斯例句

3. The report paints a grim picture of life there.

那则报道把那里的生活描绘得很凄惨。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Things were pretty grim for a time.

事情一度糟糕透了。

来自柯林斯例句

5. The committee walked out, grim-faced and shocked.

全体委员走了出去，脸色凝重，大为震惊。

来自柯林斯例句