• prep. 低于，少于；在...之下
• adv. 在下面；在下方
• adj. 下面的；从属的

来自PIE*ndher,在下面，来自PIE*ni的扩大格，词源同nether, beneath.其中*dher为PIE*ther,*ter的变体形式，印欧语比较级后缀，词源同farther, other, interior, ulterior.

under

under: [OE] Under originated as a comparative form. It has been traced back to a prehistoric Indo-European *ndhero-, which meant ‘lower’, and is also the ultimate source of English inferior [15]. This passed into Germanic as *unther-, which has evolved into German unter, Dutch onder, and Swedish, Danish, and English under.
=> inferior

under (prep., adv.)

Old English under (prep.) "beneath, among, before, in the presence of, in subjection to, under the rule of, by means of," also, as an adverb, "beneath, below, underneath," expressing position with reference to that which is above, from Proto-Germanic *under- (cognates: Old Frisian under, Dutch onder, Old High German untar, German unter, Old Norse undir, Gothic undar), from PIE *ndher- "under" (cognates: Sanskrit adhah "below;" Avestan athara- "lower;" Latin infernus "lower," infra "below").

Productive as a prefix in Old English, as in German and Scandinavian (often forming words modeled on Latin ones in sub-). Notion of "inferior in rank, position, etc." was present in Old English. With reference to standards, "less than in age, price, value," etc., late 14c. As an adjective, "lower in position; lower in rank or degree" from 13c. Also used in Old English as a preposition meaning "between, among," as still in under these circumstances, etc. (though this may be an entirely separate root; see understand).

Under the weather "indisposed" is from 1810. Under the table is from 1921 in the sense of "very drunk," 1940s in sense of "illegal." To get something under (one's) belt is from 1954; to keep something under (one's) hat "secret" is from 1885; to have something under (one's) nose "in plain sight" is from 1540s; to speak under (one's) breath "in a low voice" is attested from 1832. To be under (someone's) thumb "entirely controlled" (by that person) is recorded from 1754.

1. They found a labyrinth of tunnels under the ground.

他们发现了一处迷宫似的地道。

来自柯林斯例句

2. All colour fades— especially under the impact of direct sunlight.

所有颜色都会褪色——尤其是在阳光直射下。

来自柯林斯例句

3. There is a wide veranda under the overhang of the roof.

悬吊的屋顶下是一条宽阔的游廊。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Under the newspaper, atop a sheet of paper, lay an envelope.

在报纸下面的一张纸上放着一个信封。

来自柯林斯例句

5. Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly.

有几个提案州议会正在讨论中。

来自柯林斯例句