1.Exit with your hands in the air.举手出来
with your hands in the air = 我们更熟悉的:with your hands up
2.I'll make you a deal if you don't move a muscle,i won't blow your head off.
我跟你说好,只要你乖乖着.我就不打爆你的头
not move a muscle=毫不动容,不变神色
此外,在美国俚语中be on the muscle =准备动武; 准备蛮干
在口语中flex one's muscles =小试身手
on the muscle =用暴力方式;气势汹汹的
3.pull over . 靠边,靠岸,开到路边
发现这是michael经常跟linc说的话----“把车停到一边”,每当linc问"why"的时候,michael都是一脸懒得跟你解释的那种神情说"just pull over"
4.Your commitment to help others,and i put you in a place that's every doctor's nightmare.
你承诺帮助他人,我却让你陷入医生的恶梦中
commitment to=许诺
5.I'm going to take a leak. 我去小解
leak=泄漏; take a leak =小解
6.That's a nasty contusion.那是恶意殴打
nasty=令人不快的;恶意的 ; contusion=殴打;打伤
7.If you think i can pull some strings to keep you out of gen pop.I can't do that.
如果你以为我能让你不关禁闭,那么你错了
pull strings=在幕后操作
gen pop是lockdown的口语说法,意为"一级防范紧闭"
8.They're already done irreparable damage. 他们已经造成了不可挽回的损失
irreparable=不可挽回的 ; ir-为"不"的前缀
reparable=可修复的,可挽回的
9.A tape purported to be made by escaped convicts lincoln burrows and michael scofield was immediarely dismissed by the justice department.
逃犯lincoln与michael做的可疑录影带被司法部门立即驳回
purported=可疑的 (purport=意义,主旨)
dismiss=[法律]不受理.dismiss还有“打发,解散,开除”的意思
10.They dumped it off the front page and buried it.他们把这事从报纸头条撤下并隐瞒起来
dump=倾倒,抛弃
我们常在电影里听到的"He/She dumped me"的意思就是“他/她甩了我”
front page=报纸上的头版头条,也可用"page one"
11.It's a hail mary,man.这是孤注一掷,老兄
hail mary原指祷告者向圣母玛丽亚求救,而在美国口语中通常是指当成功的机率非常小时,做绝望的尝试
12.I'm guessing they're spoon-feeding us every lead they want us to follow.
我猜他们想让我们顺着他们铺的路去白忙一场
spoon-feeding=填鸭式
spoon-feeding education=填鸭式教育
13.What if this is just one giant setup?如何这是个巨大的圈套呢?
giant=巨大的;伟大的 ; setup=陷阱,圈套
14.I didn't drive all this way to gloat. 我跑这么远不是来嘲笑你的
gloat=幸灾乐祸
15.The girl bailed on you back in Gila.这女孩在Gila都没跟你走
我们在PB里常见的bail的用法为“保释”,而bail还有个常用词义为“离开”
一、最重要的句子成分。
到目前为止，好多学生在已经学过了9年英语后，还分不清英语中的句子成分。这样会在高中进行句子成分分析时，造成弄不懂成分，从而不能正确理解句子含义以及判断句子成分。或者是在做题时由于句子成分分析不恰当，不能够选择出正确的答案。下面，我们就对在英语中所出现的各种句子成分进行说明
1.主语Subject
Ilike English.I 就是主语。
所谓的主语，就是一句话的中心，主题，或者是动作的发出者，最简单的记忆方法，句子的主语就是位于动词前的那个词。
都有哪些词能充当句子的主语呢？分别为名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、主语从句。（n./ pron./ num./ infinitive/ gerund/ subject clause）
N.Leois a good English teacher.
Pron.Heis very handsome and humorous.
Num.Sixis his lucky number.
Infinitive.To teach English wellis his life goal.
Gerund.Teaching students English betteris also his gaol.
Subject CLause.That he loves Englishis known by all of peopel.
2. 谓语 Predicate
I like English. like 就是谓语。
所谓的谓语，就是句子中的动词，一个英语的句子中必须要有一个谓语动词。在英语中动词分为两类，一类为实义动词，我们用do来代替，一类为系动词，用be来代替.同时在系动词这一部分，我们还引入了半系动词的含义，及有些动词既可以做实义动词，也可以当作系动词使用。比如说感官动词（feel, look, taste, smell）等。
IteachEnglish. teach表达具体的含义，就为实义动词。
Iaman English teacher. am 就是系动词。
The flower smells good.
3. 宾语 Object
I like English. English就是宾语。
所谓的宾语，就是在实义动词后的成分，就是这个动作的承受者，表达这个动作的结果。简单点说，所谓的宾语就是在实义动词后面的那个词。那么都有哪些词可以充当句子的宾语成分呢？分别为名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句（n./ pron./ num./ infinitive/ gerund/ object clause）也就是说，能放在动词前面的，也能放在动词的后面。
N. Leo teachesEnglish.
Pron. He is always ready to helpothers.
Num. We don't need so many people. We only needsix.
Infinitive. Rememberto let your child love English.
Gerund. Please stopblaming your children.
Object Clause. Do you understandwhat I mean?
4. 表语 Predicative
I am an English teacher. an English teacher就是表语。
所谓的表语，就是在系动词Be后面的成分。在句子中用来表明主语的状态，身份，性格，特征，类属等。简单点说，表语就是系动词后面的内容。可以由以下几类词来充当表语：名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词及介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词、表语从句等。（n./ pron./ num./ adj./ adv./ prep./ infinitive./ gerund/ participle/ predicative clause）
N. I am ateacher.
Pron. My wife is someone important in my life.
Num. My lucky number is six.
Adj. You are beautiful.
Adv. Class was over al last.
Prep. They are at work now.
The book is on the desk.
Infinitive. My job is to teach English.
Gerund. My job is teaching English.
Participle. The book is interesting.
I am surprised to see you here.
Predicative Clause. The fact is that you can learn English well.
以上四种句子成分为一个完整的英文句子中必须要有的内容，所以在写完一个句子后，我们要看一下，动词有没有，有几个，正常情况下应该是一句话只有一个动词，我们是按照动词的个数来查句子个数的。（没有连词的情况下）动词前后是不是也有相应的成分。如果有，则句子的书写是正确的，如果没有，看看少了什么，该怎么加进去。
5. 定语 Attributive
This is a red apple. red 就是定语。
所谓的定语，就是用来修饰句子中的名词或代词的，起限定修饰作用的句子成分。定语分为两类，前置定语和后置定语，放在修饰词前面的就是前置，放在后面的就是后置。可以由以下几类词来充当定语：名词、形容词、代词、数词、动名词、分词、不定式、副词、介词、定语从句（n./ adj./ pron./ num./ gerund/ participle/infinitive/ adv./ prep./ attributive clause）等。
N. This is my school bag. 名词做定语通常用来表示用途。
Adj. My wife is a beautiful woman. 形容词做定语通常表示状态，属性等。
I have something interesting to tell you. 修饰不定代词时，后置
Pron. Put up your hands and follow my step. 通常为形容词型物主代词来做定语。
Num. She cut the cake into two pieces.
Gerund. I need a walking stick. 动名词做定语表示用途。
Participle. You should adapt to the changing situation.
The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 单个的分词做定语前置。
I like the meal cooked by my mum.
There is a man asking to see you. 分词短语作定语后置。
Infinitive. Let's try another way to do this.
Adv. The buildings around were badly damaged.
Prep. The books on the desk are bought for my son.
Attributive Clause. He lost the pen that he bought last week.
6. 状语。Adverbial
I like English very much. very much就是句子中的状语。
状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。在英语中有十种状语，分别为时间，地点，方式，比较，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，程度。充当状语的有：名词、副词、形容词、介词及短语、不定式、分词及状语从句等（n./ adv./ adj./ prep./ infinitive/ participle/ adverbial clause）。
N. I went to Shanghai last month.
Adv. He rans very fast.
Put you coat here.
Adj. I went home late, tired and hungry.
Prep. Don't step on the grass.
Infinitive. To study English well, you should do much exercises.
Participle. Seen from space, the earth looks like a huge water covered globe.
The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his arms.
Adverbial Clases. If you want to study English well, you should do much exercises.
7. 补语 Complement
I found English usuful. usuful 就是补语。
所谓的补语，就是用来补充说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。补充说明宾语的叫做宾语补足语，补充说明主语的叫主语补足语。补语什么时候会出现，跟动词的选择有关。以下几类词可以做补语：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式和分词（n./ adj./ adv./ prep./ infinitive/ participle）等。
N. We all call him Leo.
Adj. We all find English usuful.
Adv. Will you please invite all of them in?
Prep. These things should be kept in the box.
Infinitive. The mother didn't allpwed her daughter to go out alone at night.
Participle. He was once again found wandering along the city street.
When he arrived, he found all the people gone.
8. 同位语 Appositive
He, leo is an English teacher. Leo就是同位语。
所谓的同位语，是对句子中某一成分作进一步的解释说明，与前面的名词或代词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。常位于被说明的词后。可由
名词、代词、数词及同位语从句（n./pron./num./appositive clause）等来充当。
N. We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an American.
Pron. They each can get a chance to travel by air.
Num. Are you three ready to start out?
Appositive Clause. The fact that Enlish is very important is known by more and more people.
以上四种句子成分虽然说不是在一个句子里必须出现的，但是为了我们的表意清楚，是应该加上一些限定的，所以这四种句子成分的出现会让我们的句子表述更加清晰明确。因此，在写作的过程中，我们应该注意多把这四种句子成分加入到我们的写作中。
9. 插入语
Nobody knows it, I say, nobody. I say就是插入语。
所谓的插入语，就是有一个词或短语甚至可以是一个句子来充当，作为一个补充说明或想法的表达。通常前后都有“，”隔开，或是用括号标记。
插入语不作为句法中的考查成分，但是有时候插入语会干扰我们对于句子成分的分析判断，所以，在涉及有插入语的句子成分时，可以把它删掉，并不影响我们对于整个句子的理解。
10. 呼语
Ladies and gentlemen, I have something important to tell.
You, stand up!
英语单词组成句子方法
句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。
英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型，句子成分的表示法为： S：Subject（主语）, V：Verb（动词）,O：Object（宾语）, IO : Indirect Object (间接宾语), DO: Direct Object (直接宾语) , P：Predicative（表语）, OC： Object Complement（宾语补足语）。
五种基本句型见下表（S＝主，V＝谓，O＝宾，P＝表，IO＝间宾 ，DO＝直宾，OC＝宾补）：
种类 句型 例句
第1种 S+V We work. (不及物)
第2种 S+V+O He plays (及物) the piano.
第3种 S+V+P We are(系动词) students.
第4种 S+V+IO+DO She gave(及物) me a pen.
第5种 S+V+O+OC He made(及物) the boy laugh.
一、 第1种句型：S+V（主语+不及物动词）
1、Birds fly. 鸟飞。
主语＋谓语 (不及物动词)
2、He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。
主语＋谓语 ＋地点状语 (不及物动词)
此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。因为是不及物动词，后面当然不能带宾语了，但是可以有状语来修饰。例如上面例句中的 in the park就是地点状语。
3、Class begins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）上课了。
比较：We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。
该句则属于第2种句型，begin在句中是及物动词，由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。
只能当不及物动词的词（必背！）：
sleep 睡觉 walk 步行 swim 游泳 happen（take place）发生
go去 come来 work 工作 laugh 笑 stay呆在…… arrive 到达
二、 第2种句型：S+V+O（主语+及物动词+宾语）
My father read the book. 我父亲读过那本书.
主语 谓语 (及物动词) 宾语
注意：有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。如：
4、You must listen to me. 你必须听我的。 （Listen是不及物动词。但加上to之后，listen to可以看成一个及物动词。）
可以带宾语的动词是及物动词，可以充当宾语的有名词和名词的相当语（如代词、不定式、动名词及宾语从句）。 如：
5、She likes English. 她喜欢英语。（名词作宾语）
6、I know him very well. 我非常了解他。（代词作宾语） （同第一种句型一样，本句型可以有状语、定语修饰）
7、They want to go. 他们想走。（不定式作宾语）
8、He stopped writing. 他停下笔。（动名词作宾语）
9、The teacher advised that we learn English well. 老师建议我们学好英语。(宾语从句)
三、 第3种句型：S+V+P （主语+系动词+表语）
10、He became a scientist. 他成为一个科学家了。
主语 谓语 (系动词) 表语
be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词，后面必须接表语，才能用来说明主语， 表示“……是……”，“……变成……”等意思。 表语通常是名词或形容词等。
11、They are honest. 他们是诚实的。
12、He became a scientist. 他成为了一个科学家。
13、 His face goes red. 他的脸变红了。
14、 It grew dark. 天变黑了。
注意 ：在英语中，除了be动词和become属于系动词外，还有一些实义动词在表示状态存在或表示状态变化时也可以作系动词。
这些词有： keep保持， look看起来， feel觉得， smell 闻起来，
sound 听起来， taste 尝起来，grow/get/go/turn 变得 remain 仍然是
四、 第4种句型：S+V+IO+DO （主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）
15、He gave Tom a present. 他给了汤姆一件礼物。
主 谓(及物) 宾(间接) 宾(直接)
16、Give it to me. 把它给我。
谓(及物) 宾(直接) 宾(间接)
1）、及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象（参见第2种句型）。但有些动词，除了直接宾语外，还要求一个间接宾语，这个间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或物，也可以说是间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的，所以只能是名词或宾格代词担当。
17、We sent them a telegram. 我们给他们打了个电报。
主 谓 宾(间接) 宾(直接)
（ 必背！）常带双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的动词（分为A、B两类）：
A：动词后加to: give 给 show给……看 send寄，打电报 bring带……
read读…… pass递给…… lend借给…… leave留给…… hand交给…… tell告诉…… return把…还给… write给…写信
B: 动词后加for: buy给/为某人买… draw 替/给某人画… make 为某人制作…
【秘诀】 “七给”“一带”to不少， “买”“画”“制作”for来了。
【说明】常跟双宾语的动词“七给”(give, hand，lend, pass, show, send, write)和“一带”(bring)8个及物动词，在直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加上to。即：“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”。buy，draw，make三个动词，在直接宾语前置时，则必须在后面加for，构成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”句型。
关于是否接to 或者接for ，一般都是语言习惯用法的问题，英文中习惯怎么用，就应该怎样来用，没有什么道理可讲。 另外关于to, for 区分的基本原则： to (表示动作对什么人而做)， for (表示动作为什么人而做) ，如： Read the first paragraph to me. 用to表示读的动作是对我而做的。本句的意思是：把第一段读给我听。
五、 第5种句型：S+V+O+OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）
在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。
1. He found his new job boring. (形容词做宾补)
2. The called their daughter Mary. (名词做宾补)
3. This placed her in a very difficult position. (介词短语做宾补)
4. We went to her house but found her out. (副词做宾补)
5. What do you advise me to do？(不定式做宾补)
6. We thought him to be an honest man. (to be做宾补)
7. He believed them to have discussed the problem. (不定式的完成式做宾补)
8. He believed her to be telling the truth. (不定式的进行式做宾补)
9. Did you notice him come in？(不带to的不定式做宾补)
【秘诀】 不定式，作宾补， 下列词后省去to：
一“感”二“听”四“看见” 外加三个“小使役”， 保你永远会记住。
【说明】“一感”指feel。“二听”指hear, listen to。“四看见”指notice, observe, see, watch。 三个“小使役”指have, let, make三个使役动词。在这些动词后有不定式作宾补时，不定式的符号to往往要省去。
10. I saw her chatting with Nancy. (现在分词做宾补)
11. He watched the piano carried upstairs. (过去分词做宾补) 注意：在这个结构中，可以出现用it做形式上的宾语，把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中，宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。
1. He felt it his duty to mention this to her. 分析：it是形式宾语，his duty是宾语补足语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。
2. I think it best that you should stay with us. 分析：it是形式宾语，best是宾语补足语，that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。
注意：
1. 习惯用语的使用 在英语中，有很多动词习惯用语，在学习的过程中，要注意它们的使用，不必分析单独每个词的使用。 例： We are short of money. (be short of中short做表语)
She is always making trouble for her friends. (trouble做make的宾语)
He has carried out our instructions to the letter. (our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)
We are waiting for the rain to stop. (wait for后面的the rain是宾语，to stop是宾语补足语)
2. 在英语中，大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词，而且还会有一些固定词组，因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。 例：ask：
① Did you ask the price？(直接接名词做宾语)
② She asked them their names. (接双宾语)
③ I asked James to buy some bread. (接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)
④ I asked to speak to Fred. (接不定式做宾语)
⑤ Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副词in连用) ⑥ He has asked for an interview with the President. (组成固定词组ask for)
3. There be句型是一种特殊的句子，真正的主语在后面，含义为“有……”
① 谓语动词和主语保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.
② 有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.
③ 主语的后面有时有修饰语：There are a lot of difficulties facing us. There were many things to be done. (此处也可以使用to do).
④ 谓语动词be可以有时态的变化: There will be a concert in the park tonight. There was little change in him.
⑤ 谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。 There used to be a cinema here. There seems to be something the matter with her. Is there going to be any activity tonight?
⑥ there be句式变疑问句，把be提前；变翻译疑问句也要借助there。 Is there any hope of getting the job? There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there?
⑦ there be句型中也可以使用诸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物动词： Once upon a time, there lived a fisherman on the island. There came a knock at the door. At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
⑧ 用于非谓语的情况下，有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being: You wouldn't want there to be another war. (不定式的复合结构) The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework. (动名词的复合结构) There being nothing else to do，we went home. (独立主格结构)
■巩固性练习■: 请判断下列句子的结构类型
1. He is running.
2. The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.
3. The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.
4. She seemed angry.
5. My father bought me a beautiful present.
6. Why do you keep your eyes closed?
7. Will you tell us an exciting story?
8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.
9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10. Can you push the window open?
Health 1．健康的重要性。 2．如何保持身体健康。 3．健康比财富还重要。
It is clear that health is the foundation of one's future success. If you get sick, it is nearly impossible to pursue your career effectively, much less make your dreams come true. On the other hand, if you are stout and strong, you can go all out to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead of you.
Now that we know that health is the source of our energy, what should we do to maintain and enhance our health? First, we should exercise every day to strengthen our muscles. Second, we should keep regular reasonable hours. If we get up early, we can breathe fresh air. This habit can do wonders in our life. Third, there is a proverb that says, "Prevention is better than cure."
In short, health is more important than wealth. Those who are rich but love their health are no more fortunate than those who are poor. If you want your wish to come true, you should do exercise and keep fit. Health is the most important ingredient of your success. 健康
健康是一个人未来成功的基础，这是显而易见的。如果你患了病，要想有效地成就一生的事业简直是不可能的，更不必说梦想成真了。另一方面，如果你身强力壮，你可以全力以赴克服面前的障碍
既然我们知道健康是能量的源泉，那么，我们该怎样保持和增强健康呢？首先，我们应该每天锻炼身体以强壮肌肉。其次，我们要保持规律的生活。如果早起，我们可以呼吸新鲜空气。这个习惯能在我们的生命中产生奇迹。再次，有一句谚语说得好：“预防胜于治疗。”
总之，健康比财富更重要。失去健康的富人并不比穷人好。如果你想要愿望成真，就应锻炼身体，保持健康。健康是你成功的最重要的组成部分。
The desire for good health is universal. In our competitive society it is important to maintain good health. On the one hand, people with good health can do work with full confidence and their progress in work in turn contributes to their health and happiness. On the other hand, a sick person is usually not interested in everything around him and therefore he loses many opportunities to become successful.
There are many ways to keep it. First, those who are always on the go from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress will affect their health. Second, enough time should be left for sleep because that will help one become rested and refreshed. Finally, regular physical exercises benefit one's health a lot. So one should always keep in mind that a certain amount of exercise is not a waste of time
